#!/usr/bin/env python3

'''
ThreadPool Implementation

@author: Morten Holdflod Moeller - morten@holdflod.dk
@license: LGPL v3
'''

from __future__ import with_statement
from threading import Thread, RLock
from time import sleep
from queue import Queue, Empty
import logging
import sys

class NullHandler(logging.Handler):
    def emit(self, record):
        pass

h = sys.stderr
logging.getLogger('threadpool').addHandler(h)
logging.getLogger('threadpool.worker').addHandler(h)



class ThreadPoolMixIn:
    """Mix-in class to handle each request in a new thread from the ThreadPool."""

    def __init__(self, threadpool=None):
        if (threadpool == None):
            threadpool = ThreadPool()
            self.__private_threadpool = True
        else:
            self.__private_threadpool = False

        self.__threadpool = threadpool

    def process_request_thread(self, request, client_address):
        """Same as in BaseServer but as a thread.

        In addition, exception handling is done here.

        """
        try:
            self.finish_request(request, client_address)
            self.close_request(request)
        except:
            self.handle_error(request, client_address) #IGNORE:W0702
            self.close_request(request)

    def process_request(self, request, client_address):
        self.__threadpool.add_job(self.process_request_thread, [request, client_address])

    def shutdown(self):
        if (self.__private_threadpool): self.__threadpool.shutdown()


class AddJobException(Exception):
    '''
    Exceptoion raised when a Job could not be added
    to the queue
    '''
    def __init__(self, msg):
        Exception.__init__(self, msg)


class ThreadPool:
    '''
    The class implementing the ThreadPool.

    Instantiate and add jobs using add_job(func, args_list)
    '''

    class Job: #IGNORE:R0903
        '''
        Class encapsulating a job to be handled
        by ThreadPool workers
        '''
        def __init__(self, function, args, return_callback=None):
            self.callable = function
            self.arguments = args
            self.return_callback = return_callback

        def execute(self):
            '''
            Called to execute the function
            '''
            try:
                return_value = self.callable(*self.arguments) #IGNORE:W0142
            except Exception as excep: #IGNORE:W0703
                logger = logging.getLogger("threadpool.worker")
                logger.warning("A job in the ThreadPool raised an exception: ", excep)
                #else do nothing cause we don't know what to do...
                return

            try:
                if (self.return_callback != None):
                    self.return_callback(return_value)
            except Exception as _: #IGNORE:W0703 everything could go wrong...
                logger = logging.getLogger('threadpool')
                logger.warning('Error while delivering return value to callback function')

    class Worker(Thread):
        '''
        A worker thread handling jobs in the thread pool
        job queue
        '''

        def __init__(self, pool):
            Thread.__init__(self)

            if (not isinstance(pool, ThreadPool)):
                raise TypeError("pool is not a ThreadPool instance")

            self.pool = pool

            self.alive = True
            self.start()

        def run(self):
            '''
            The workers main-loop getting jobs from queue
            and executing them
            '''
            while self.alive:
                #print self.pool.__active_worker_count,  self.pool.__worker_count
                job = self.pool.get_job()
                if (job != None):
                    self.pool.worker_active()
                    job.execute()
                    self.pool.worker_inactive()
                else:
                    self.alive = False

            self.pool.punch_out()

    def __init__(self, max_workers = 5, kill_workers_after = 3):
        if (not isinstance(max_workers, int)):
            raise TypeError("max_workers is not an int")
        if (max_workers < 1):
            raise ValueError('max_workers must be >= 1')

        if (not isinstance(kill_workers_after, int)):
            raise TypeError("kill_workers_after is not an int")

        self.__max_workers = max_workers
        self.__kill_workers_after = kill_workers_after

        # This Queue is assumed Thread Safe
        self.__jobs = Queue()

        self.__worker_count_lock = RLock()
        self.__worker_count = 0
        self.__active_worker_count = 0

        self.__shutting_down = False
        logger = logging.getLogger('threadpool')
        logger.info('started')

    def shutdown(self,  wait_for_workers_period = 1, clean_shutdown_reties = 5):
        if (not isinstance(clean_shutdown_reties, int)):
            raise TypeError("clean_shutdown_reties is not an int")
        if (not clean_shutdown_reties >= 0):
            raise ValueError('clean_shutdown_reties must be >= 0')

        if (not isinstance(wait_for_workers_period, int)):
            raise TypeError("wait_for_workers_period is not an int")
        if (not wait_for_workers_period >= 0):
            raise ValueError('wait_for_workers_period must be >= 0')

        logger = logging.getLogger("threadpool")
        logger.info("shutting down")

        with self.__worker_count_lock:
            self.__shutting_down = True
            self.__max_workers = 0
            self.__kill_workers_after = 0

        retries_left = clean_shutdown_reties
        while (retries_left > 0):

            with self.__worker_count_lock:
                logger.info("waiting for workers to shut down (%i), %i workers left"%(retries_left, self.__worker_count))
                if (self.__worker_count > 0):
                    retries_left -= 1
                else:
                    retries_left = 0

                sleep(wait_for_workers_period)


        with self.__worker_count_lock:
            if (self.__worker_count > 0):
                logger.warning("shutdown stopped waiting. Still %i active workers"%self.__worker_count)
                clean_shutdown = False
            else:
                clean_shutdown = True

        logger.info("shutdown complete")

        return clean_shutdown

    def punch_out(self):
        '''
        Called by worker to update worker count
        when the worker is shutting down
        '''
        with self.__worker_count_lock:
            self.__worker_count -= 1

    def __new_worker(self):
        '''
        Adding a new worker thread to the thread pool
        '''
        with self.__worker_count_lock:
            ThreadPool.Worker(self)
            self.__worker_count += 1

    def worker_active(self):
        with self.__worker_count_lock:
            self.__active_worker_count = self.__active_worker_count + 1

    def worker_inactive(self):
        with self.__worker_count_lock:
            self.__active_worker_count = self.__active_worker_count - 1

    def add_job(self, function, args = None, return_callback=None):
        '''
        Put new job into queue
        '''

        if (not callable(function)):
            raise TypeError("function is not a callable")
        if (not ( args == None or isinstance(args, list))):
            raise TypeError("args is not a list")
        if (not (return_callback == None or callable(return_callback))):
            raise TypeError("return_callback is not a callable")

        if (args == None):
            args = []

        job = ThreadPool.Job(function, args, return_callback)

        with self.__worker_count_lock:
            if (self.__shutting_down):
                raise AddJobException("ThreadPool is shutting down")

            try:
                start_new_worker = False
                if (self.__worker_count < self.__max_workers):
                    if (self.__active_worker_count == self.__worker_count):
                        start_new_worker = True

                self.__jobs.put(job)

                if (start_new_worker):
                    self.__new_worker()

            except Exception:
                raise AddJobException("Could not add job")


    def get_job(self):
        '''
        Retrieve next job from queue
        workers die (and should) when
        returning None
        '''

        job = None
        try:
            if (self.__kill_workers_after < 0):
                job = self.__jobs.get(True)
            elif (self.__kill_workers_after == 0):
                job = self.__jobs.get(False)
            else:
                job = self.__jobs.get(True, self.__kill_workers_after)
        except Empty:
            job = None

        return job